Turning East as A Protest to Western Anthropocentricism:

A Study on Jack Kerouac’s the Dharma Bums

Erna Cahyawati

Jurusan Sastra Inggris, Fakultas Sastra, Universitas Jember

Jalan Kalimantan 37 Jember 68121

sastraing.unej@gmail.com

Abstract

The study is aimed to discover Kerouc’s spiritual seeking for east as it is reflected in his novel The Dharma Bums. Library research is used and interdisciplinary approach that integrates literary, cultural, religious and historical aspects is applied. The result of the study shows that through The Dharma Bu, Kerouac stages protest to dominant western cultural and religious traditions that proclaim the idea of anthropocentricism or human dominion over nature. Kerouac disagrees with the mainstream thought that human has privileged status among all creatures and can freely utilize nature for his needs. For Kerouac, nature is not a supplier that is just used to satisfy human wants. Valuing the nature exclusively in term of its usefulness and benefits for humans can cause over exploitation and pollution that lead to the environmental destruction. Rejecting the western view, he seeks for eastern philosophy (Buddhism) whose precept saying that man is not separate and superior to all else but rather as a small part of the cosmos. Here, unlike western concept that put humans as stewards of the earth, eastern philosophy of Buddhism teaches him that there is no metaphor as ‘the trustee’ that suggest men to supremely control the nature. It means that there is no human domination over nature; man must live in good kinship and harmony with nature.

Keywords: anthropocentricism, environmental problems, Buddhism, east, west.

Nilai Angka Kata dalam Sengkalan

Sudartomo Macaryus

FKIP Universitas Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa

Yogyakarta

macaryus@telkom.net

Abstract

The determination of word values is based on their meanings, characteristics, functions, historical backgrounds, and properties of referent or concepts contained in the words used in a Javanese chronogram (sengkalan). The principle of special determination is related to historical background or mythology of certain word’s referent. Innovation can be done based on certain principles, they are guru dasanama (synonyms), guru sastra (similarities of words’ spellings), guru warga (groups of objects, animals, etc.), guru karya (functional meanings of the same objects), guru sarana (instruments and actions), guru darwa (characteristics of the owners), and guru wanda (similarities of pronounciations of certain words). Innovation of the forms of word can be formulated using words of same groups of referent, meaning, sound, etc.

Pemerolehan Pragmatik Tahap Awal pada Anak

R. Hery Budhiono

Balai Bahasa Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah

Jalan Tingang Km 3,5, Jekanraya, Palangkaraya, Kalimantan Tengah 73112

budhi.lingua@gmail.com

Abstract

As a matter of fact, pragmatic (competence) is not one of three components of language, i.e. phonology, syntax, and lexicon, but it gives souls and spirits to the language expression. Together with one’s communicative competence, it brings some different perspectives to the language. The aim of this paper is to describe what kind of pragmatic competence has been acquired by a one—two year old child. Method of collecting the data deals with the paper is by writing down all utterances produced and trying to analyze them in a qualitative inquiry. This kind of competency tends to be acquired from the very beginning of one’s life. It includes crying, cooing, babbling, smiling, and even blinking in its meaningful interpretation for sure.

Pemakaian Bahasa dalam Acara Siaran Radio

Berbahasa Using di Jember

Budi Suyanto dan Agus Sariono

Jurusan Sastra Indonesia, Fakultas Sastra, Universitas Jember

Jalan Kalimantan 37 Jember 68121

agus.sariono@yahoo.com

Abstract

Radio broadcast use the certain pattern in usage of varieties of Ianguages. This article distinguish the Using Ianguage used in radio broadcast and also pattern of that usage of varieties of Ianguage. Data analyse done by comparative method and contectual method of sociolinguistics. Result of data analysis opened as follows. Using Ianguage used in radio broadcast have various loan form, namely loan on phonology, morphology, and lexicon. Pattern of usage of Ianguages in radio broadcast coloured with the event displace the code switching between Using Ianguage, Javanese, Indonesian, and English.

The Origin of Naming

Wisasongko

Jurusan Sastra Inggris, Fakultas Sastra, Universitas Jember

Jalan Kalimantan 37 Jember 68121

sastraing.unej@gmail.com

Abstract

It is generally believed that people give names to the things around us arbitrarily. There is no particular reason why a chair is named a chair. However, not every thing gets its name in this way. The names of places, such as a city, a town, an island are named for various reasons. Some cities are named for historic reasons, some are based on myth, and others are named after an important public figure. In addition, the names of human beings are laden with meanings. Name of a person is a prayer and an expectation of his/her parents. There is no one which is named arbitrarily. Some names are used to memorize a certain event, to mark a certain time, to follow the names of the prophets, and others are based on philosophy. This article ascertains that naming things and persons are based on certain and specific reasons.