Seks dan Politik dalam Sastra Indonesia[1]

Seks dan Politik dalam Sastra Indonesia[1]

Faruk

Jurusan Sastra Indonesia

Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta

&

Associate Profesor Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Seoul, South Korea

faruk_psk@yahoo.com

Abstract

In Indonesia controversy about sexual representation in literary works has become seminal debate until today. According to socio-cultural context in Indonesian society, sex has socio-cultural function to control some possible dangerous potency that is appeared from celebration of natural and enjoyable sexual function among individuals. Such condition becomes ideological discourse which influences sexual representation in Indonesian literatures. Using semiotics (Eco) and post-structural (Derrida) analysis, this article will discuss sexual representation and its political tendency in Indonesian literatures with two critical questions: (1) how far are Indonesian literary works represent characteristic in describing and meaning toward erotic events and (2) what factors do influence, or at least, make them possible? The result of this study shows that in some novel written in colonial era, such as Mata Gelap (Mas Marco, 1914), and in reformation era, such as Supernova (Dewi Lestari, 2003), and Mahadewa Mahadewi (Nova R. Yusuf, 2003), resistance toward sexual taboos in socio-cultural practices is represented but still much considering social norms. Such representation will make political discourses in the novel as part of authoritarianism and militarism discourses and practices. In the future, the most important thing to do in Indonesian literatures is to represent as many as possible naturalness of sexuality, as represented in Saman (Ayu Utami, 1998), that will make broader possibility to social appreciation toward sexual right and also whole individual rights.

Key words: naturalness of sexuality, social function of sexuality, Indonesian literatures, sexual politics.


[1] Artikel ini didanai oleh Hankuk University of Foreign Studies Fund, Seoul, Korea Selatan.

Sastra Anak Korea: Analisis Mitos

Sastra Anak Korea: Analisis Mitos

Sugihastuti*

Jurusan Sastra Indonesia

Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta

tutisugihastuti@yahoo.com

Abstract

This article discusses Korean children literature in the context of myth analysis or semiotic. Result of the study underlines that initially, both writtenly and orally, children literature was considered a discourse completed with empiricl utterance. Korean children literature was part of language which was developed as a combination where the subject (i.e. teller) is able to make use of language code in order to reveal his private mind. Within semiotic perspective, meaning in Korean children literature was not merely referred to sign but was the representation of its mental state. When Korean children literature was placed as a sign, its primordial characteristic became arbitrer. Through semiotic reading, readers is able to return the inversion of a myth. For this reason, the step is to sort the message into two different significant systems. In the first level, readers could identify each of the sign accurately. In the second level, i.e. in the level of connotative or myth, message is pull out into a wider meaning, that is a meaning whose signs refer to a group of signified or to a specific fragment of ideology.

Key words: verbal literature, discourse, semiotics, communication.



* Penulis pernah mengajar bahasa Indonesia di Hankuk University of Foreign Studies (HUFS), Seoul, Korea, 2002–2004.

Siti Nurbaya dalam Perspektif Dekonstruksi Paul de Man

Siti Nurbaya

dalam Perspektif Dekonstruksi Paul de Man

Rina Ratih Sri Sudaryani

Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia

Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan

Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta

Abstract

This article is revealing another side of Marah Rusli ’s novel entitled Siti Nurbaya (SN) by exploiting Paul de Man deconstruction perspective. The study indicates that SN is one of the Indonesian novels dominated by trope. Siti Nurbaya is a metaphor for the oppressed; Samsulbahri is a symbol of the educated group who is the victim of colonialism and who decides to be at the colonial side; Baginda Sulaiman is the victim of deceit; and Datuk Maringgih is the representation of the uneducated people whose ability to conduct deception finally give them chance to defeat their opponant. SN can be interpreted as an irony because it tells contradiction. This is symbolized by Siti Nurbaya’s grief. Her struggle to escape from Datuk Maringgih is the story of her own victory. Samsulbahri’s grief and his success to become a soldier using a new name, Letnan Mas, is also another victory. On the contrary, Datuk Maringgih’s glory actually signifies his failure to conquer his lady’s heart. Meaning construction in SN can be returned to it’s initial state of language meaning which is labelled as vacant meaning, which at the next step, this vacant meaning obtains its meaning by correlating with the events interrelated in the work.

Key words: rhetoric deconstruction, trope, structure, radical meaning formation

Membaca “Kecubung Pengasihan”, Menimbang Muatan Stilistika

Membaca “Kecubung Pengasihan”,

Menimbang Muatan Stilistika

Heru S.P. Saputra

Jurusan Sastra Indonesia

Fakultas Sastra Universitas Jember

Jalan Kalimantan 37 Jember 68121

heruespe@gmail.com

Abstract

This article is talking about short story entitled ”Kecubung Pengasihan” (”KP”) written by Danarto by employing Stylistics theory. The study indicates that this short story employs language potential, especially various language styles. This styles include choice of words, tones in the discourse, sound repetition, sentence structure, and the direct indirect meaning. Language style in ”KP” is a reflection of the author’s attitude who realizes the strength of language as an aesthetic discourse which at the same time has the potential to form meaning. The author’s creativity in employing language style is able to give strong and intens impression to the readers, as well as help comprehensively cohere the meaning formation to the work.

Key words: stylistics, strength of language, coherence, meaning.

Dadaisme Karya Dewi Sartika: Kajian Psikologi Sastra dan Feminisme

Dadaisme Karya Dewi Sartika:

Kajian Psikologi Sastra dan Feminisme

Akhmad Haryono

Jurusan Sastra Inggris

Fakultas Sastra Universitas Jember

Jalan Kalimantan 37 Jember 68121

rin_na_noo@yahoo.com

Abstract

This article is aimed at discussing Dadaisme, a novel by the Indonesian female novelist Dewi Sartika. The study is focusing on the aspect of literary psychology and feminism. Result of the literary psychology study demonstrates that this novel reflects people who are too engaged to various problems, so that they do not have the opportunity to deeply investigate the problems. Consequently, life becomes segmented, and fragmented to uncertain subdivisions. In the meantime, result from the feminism aspect demonstrates that compelled marriage is one type of injustice toward women, effect on family tragedy dan cheating problem, abnormal illegitimate child and polygamy. For that reason, this female Minang novelist wants to fight to improve women’s life quality who are the victims of compelled marriage.

Key words: fragmentation, compelled marriage, gender inequity.

Syair Lagu Gandrung: Supremasi Islam dan Identitas Using

Syair Lagu Gandrung:

Supremasi Islam dan Identitas Using

Novi Anoegrajekti

Jurusan Sastra Indonesia

Fakultas Sastra Universitas Jember

Jalan Kalimantan 37 Jember 68121

novi.anoegrajekti@gmail.com

Abstract

The long history of Gandrung has left notes that this art, which belongs to the Using community, is always faced with forces beyond itself. Market bureaucracy, and religion have long become the hegemonic forces that dominated this traditional art. The are several important things that can be seen from the whole analysis about those battles. First, as a cultural process, those hegemonic forces are formed in incoperation within various positions. Referring to the concept proposed by Williams, the as the most dominat forces in Gandrung hegemony becomes the dominat culture; the conservation of tradition becomes the residual culture because it survives by reviving meaning, values and norms that have been left; while Islam as a new this becomes the emergent culture.

Key words: Hegemony, residual, emergent, dominant, tradional art.

Ketika Beras “Berserakan” di Media: Analisis Linguistik Kritis tentang Posisi Ideologis Media dalam Pemberitaan Kelangkaan......

Ketika Beras “Berserakan” di Media:

Analisis Linguistik Kritis tentang Posisi Ideologis Media dalam Pemberitaan Kelangkaan dan Impor Beras

Ikwan Setiawan

Jurusan Sastra Inggris

Fakultas Sastra Universitas Jember

Jalan Kalimantan 37 Jember 68121

setyokultura@yahoo.com

Abstract

Using ideological hegemony perspective in ideological term and critical linguistics analysis, this article discusses ideological position of some national newspapers in reporting rice scarcity and import in 2007. Ideological position of newspapers become significant and important case since by understanding it, we will know how media representation function in society, whether following hegemonic-ideological discourses or making counter to them. The result of this study shows that the analyzed newspapers represents hegemonic-ideological discourses by reporting some critical conditions in society influenced by rice scarcity, a shortage need to have rice import, and some official comments from government, although one of them still has ambiguity in reporting the news.

Key words: ideological position, representation, hegemony, rice, media.

Penggunaan Bahasa Madura Keluarga Muda Etnik Madura di Jember

Penggunaan Bahasa Madura

Keluarga Muda Etnik Madura di Jember

A. Erna Rochiyati Sudarmaningtyas

Jurusan Sastra Indonesia

Fakultas Sastra Universitas Jember

Jalan Kalimantan 37 Jember 68121

sastraind.unej@yahoo.co.id

Abstract

This article is aimed to describe the use of Madurese by young Madurese family in Jember, a county. Description comprises three aspects, that is aspect of mastering the language, aspect of using the language and aspect of the attitude toward the language. Study was conducted through quantitative method and data collection was accomplished by the use of survey method equipped with questioner. Category was made into city and village population, and the population social status (employees, merchants, dan farmers/ labors). The use of languge was focused in the family domain. Data analysis demonstrates that generally: mastery of Madurese is dominant (41,4%), language widely used in the family is Madurese (69,3%), and the language atittude toward Madurese is dominated by positive atittude showing approval (57,1%).

Key words: Madurese, young families, mastering language, the use of language, attitude toward language.

Nosi Prefiks {N-}, {a-}, dan {ma-} dalam Bahasa Madura

Nosi Prefiks {N-}, {a-}, dan {ma-}

dalam Bahasa Madura

Akhmad Sofyan

Jurusan Sastra Indonesia

Fakultas Sastra Universitas Jember

Jalan Kalimantan 37 Jember 68121

chopenx@yahoo.com

Abstract

This article discusses nosi prefix {N-}, {a-}, and {ma-} using function and word class embedded to it as the basis. Result of the study shows that prefix {N-} has nosi: (1) conducting something as intended in the root, (2) conducting something using tool, (3) enjoying, (4) working as, (5) taking out something, (6) as, (7) in the position (slightly) at, and (8) celebrating at the ... (day). Prefix {a-} contains: (1) conducting something as intended in the root, (2) conducting something using tool, (3) making, (4) in the state of, (5) issuing or producing, (6) enjoying, (7) working as, (8) containing, and (9) using. Prefix {ma-} consists of nosi: (1) causing someone else or thing to perform, (2) causing, (3) causing something to be, (4) shown or tasted as, and (5) to be.

Key words: nosi, function, word class.

Phonaesthetic: Understanding the Meaning of Words from the Sound Similarity of the Language

Phonaesthetic: Understanding the Meaning of Words

from the Sound Similarity of the Language

Wisasongko

Jurusan Sastra Inggris

Fakultas Sastra Universitas Jember

Jalan Kalimantan 37 Jember 68121

wisasongko@yahoo.co.id

Abstract

As a means of communication, a language conveys meanings which are expressed in words. Interestingly, words which have similarity of sounds, in a few cases have similar meanings. This phenomenon – better known as phonaesthetic – occurs not only in English, but also occurs in Indonesian and Javanese languages. The words lump, bump, hump, stump, chump, rump, and plump for example, suggest similar in sound, and at the same time show the similarity of meanings. However, not all words with similar sounds will similar meanings. This article briefly discusses this language phenomena with additional samples from Indonesian and Javanese languages.

Key words: phonaesthetic, semiotic, sounds, meanings, linguistic message.

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