Mempersoalkan Karakteristik Sastra Koran

dalam Bingkai Industri Kultural

Dian Susilastri

Balai Bahasa Palembang

Jalan Amri Yahya S.U. 1, Jakabaring

Palembang

Abstract

This article is aimed to discuss the characteristic of literature in newspaper in relation with The industry of culture. To date, newspaper literature has developed its massive role in the dynamic progress of the Indonesian literature. Result of the study shows that newspaper literature becomes an integral part of the industry of culture under capitalist institution whose order is otonomously accomplished. The hegemony of industrialism upon newspaper literature has to be encountered wisely since its implication affect the development of intelect, spiritual, aesthetic value, and at the same time turn out to be the reflection of the society cultural aspect. Ultimately, newspaper literature in Indonesia colors the dynamic progress of the Indonesian literature. Indirectly, the editor of newspaper literature, as the man behind the scene, contributes a significant role to the development of newspaper literature. In this way, the editor’s otonomous criticism has to be carried out seriously. Conditions prescribed by the editor concerning the trend of theme, structure, and genre cannot be seen as a restriction to the author’s creative process. Rather it must be appreciated as a media to make all writers aware that newspaper literature is an unseperable part of the industry of culture.

Unsur Fonologis dan Morfologis sebagai

Penanda Jender dalam Bahasa Indonesia

Agustina Dewi S.

Jurusan Sastra Indonesia

Fakultas Sastra Universitas Jember

Jalan Kalimantan 37 Jember 68121

a_setyari@yahoo.com

Abstract

This article is aimed to describe phonological and morphological lingual units used as gender marker in the Indonesian. Data is taken from written text and collected by the use of simak (observation) method. Analysis is completed with synonamous and agih (immediate constutuents) method. Result of the analysis shows that gender in the Indonesian usually is marked by phonemic and morphemic units. Gender marker in the form of phonem are phonem /a/ and /o/ for masculinity and phonem /i/ for femininity. Gender marker in the form of morphem are suffixes {-wan}, {-man}, {-in}, {-ur}, for masculinity or neutral and suffixes {-wati}, {-at}, {-ris}, {-ita} for femininity. In Indonesian, dichotomy on the masculinity and femininity markers are not found. Word majority show neutral gender, with no strict gender system, nor concord sytem.

Sikap Berbahasa Orang Banjar dalam Komunikasi

Antaretnik di Banjarmasin

Endang Sulistyowati

STKIP PGRI Banjarmasin

Jalan Sultan Adam Kompleks H. Iyus No. 18 Banjarmasin 70121

Telp. (0511) 4325443, Faks. (0511) 4325443

Abstract

This article illustrates about Banjar people attitude in speaks especially how they look at their language, attitude about speaks to other ethnics, and situation of inter-ethnics communication in Banjarmasin. Banjar people look about their language, Banjarese, as a varian Malay, so in trading activity with other ethnics are used Banjarese. Beside, in trading activity, it is used in religion activity and inter-personal communication in inter-ethnics in Banjarmasin. Attitude and view of Banjar people to tradition and religion Islam make prestise to Banjarese, so make into other ethnics who come to Banjarmasin are strived to learn Banjarese.

Keywords: language attitude, Banjar people, Banjarese, Malay, interetnic communication.

Pantun Nusantara: Penjinak Globalisasi

Muhammad Haji Salleh

Universiti Sains Malaysia

Pulau Pinang

Abstract

This article tries to analyze the existence and the dynamic of Indonesian pantun in the global era. The analysis uses descriptive approach. Result of the analysis shows that global movement swipe out and devastate nation as well as world wide determination and literature. More than that, the form of pantun which frames the aesthetic of Malayan culture which is emphasized and colored by specific value and nature has been affected by the influential global weave. Nevertheless, due to the strength of pantun form which has been tested by the dynamic of eras and diverse culture so in its journey to Europe at the end of the 19^th century, pantun began to find its universal or global format. Lately, because of the flood of books, radios and the internet or cyber media, its existence has not yet declined but on the contrary it shows its ability to compromise and utilize the sophistication of technology to reformulate itself in order to adjust with the development of the world. In such, Indonesia lends its local genius to the world, which in return world colors pantun with its nature and feature. This must be understood as an inevitable mutual relation in global context.

Key words: pantun, local culture, technology, global movement.

Politik Cerpen dan Cerpen Politik:

Sebuah Kesaksian atas Saksi Mata*

Cahyaningrum Dewajati

Jurusan Sastra Indonesia

Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Gadjah Mada

Yogyakarta

Abstract

This article dissects the image projection found in the compilation of short stories Saksi Mata by Seno Gumira Ajidarma. The analysis uses postmodernism approach using Baudrilard simulacrum perspective. The result of the analysis describes that “the politic of short story” is Seno’s strategy to share out his anxiety and concern which mass media cannot accommodate. To overcome this Seno articulates them to his readers through short stories. The compilation of his short stories is dominated by his deep contemplation on many political harassment occurred in Indonesia. To him the situation was so outrageous. His witness and experience as a journalist facing the political brutality are portrayed as wild and harsh image in his short story. Reciprocal relation between himself as a journalist whose freedom in exposing the truth is banned then finds a way out on the hilarious simulacra that means “more true than the truth” and “more real than the reality”.

Key words: short story politic, political short story, postmodern, simulacrum

Etnisitas dalam Sastra Indonesia:

Gambaran Sastra Indonesia di Yogyakarta

Imam Budi Utomo

Balai Bahasa Yogyakarta

Abstract

This article wants to find out ethnicity in Indonesian literature, especially in Yogyakarta. The analysis employs descriptive method. Result of the analysis demonstrates that ethnicity in Indonesian literature includes two related meaning, internal and external. Internal meaning says that Indonesian literature has central and local polarizations. Either internal or external, ethnicity in the Indonesian literature is a legitimate phenomenon. This could be seen from its historical background; that is Indonesia as a group of diverse ethnics which comprises one nation, one country and one language, Indonesian. That is why, works of literature that use Indonesian as the unification language would not be freed from the idea and ethnic element where the literary men were born and raised. Under the threat of nation disintegration as the consequence of extreme centralized control toward local governments in the past, ethnicity in the Indonesian literature as a form of decentralization becomes an alternative forum for different Indonesian ethnics to reinforce the Indonesian identity. Yogyakarta offers this kind of alternative.

Generic Structure in Serat Centhini

Henriono Nugroho

Jurusan Sastra Inggris

Fakultas Sastra Universitas Jember

Abstrak

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji Serat Centhini melalui analisis stilistika berdasarkan ilmu bahasa sistematik fungsional. Kajian menggunakan studi pustaka, metode deduktif, dan pendekatan intrinsik objektif. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa sebagai puisi naratif Serat Centhini mempunyai struktur generik dengan empat tahapan, yaitu Pendahuluan (Orientation), Kerumitan (Complication), Penyelesaian (Resolution), dan Penutup (Coda). Narasi dikembangkan oleh pengarang dengan pengulangan Complication dan Resolution sebanyak dua puluh satu kali. Dengan demikian, Serat Centhini sebagai puisi Jawa naratif ditulis dengan struktur generik yang baku.

Kata kunci: Serat Centhini, puisi naratif, stilistika, struktur generik.

Epik dalam Sastra Lisan Dayak Ngaju

Basori

Balai Bahasa Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah

Abstract

This article is aimed at examining the figure and meaning of a hero to Dayak Ngaju people. Examination uses folklore approach. Result of the examination demonstrates that Dayak Ngaju folklore is one of the wealthy ranges of literature which describes way of thinking, customs, social condition of the people, individual character, person-to-society relation, and the value system found in Dayak Ngaju society. Heroes in Dayak Ngaju’s folklore have typical identification such as, robust, undefeatable, wise, and very affectionate. Such physical and spiritual descriptions fit the ideal image of a hero universally accepted. Such characteristics illustrate a hero with its total aspects. They are human who voluntarily devote himself to any changes. They are able to handle individual, time and space limitations to achieve widely accepted humanism values.

Macan Betina yang Anggun di Belantara Raksasa:

Telaah Poskolonial terhadap Nyai Ontosoroh

Dara Windiyarti

Balai Bahasa Surabaya

Abstract

The goal of this article is to study the identity of Nyai Ontosoroh in Pramoedya Ananta Toer Bumi Manusia. Study make use of postcolonial perspective. Result of the study indicates that Nyai Ontosoroh as the main character is a controversial person: in one side she is elegant, wise, and helpful and on the other side she always astonishes her environment. Nevertheless, she is always an idol for other people: modern, thinking freely, open minded, ready to have a go, hard work, and brave. Strong self character leads her way to live in the unknown colonial situation, so she is able to build her self image as a “female lion” who force others not to bother her. Nyai Ontosoroh’s bravery to learn Deutch, general knowledge, and build her company, reflects that indigenous people are always inferior. Nyai Ontosoroh’ existence becomes a reconstructed portrayal of ways of thinking of the orientalist full of cultural bias that Western culture is dynamic and masculine, on the contrary Eastern culture is commonly static and feminine.

Kajian Politik Drama Mangir

Karya Pramoedya Ananta Toer

Memphi Rezha

Mahasiswa Jurusan Sastra Indonesia

Fakultas Sastra Universitas Jember

Abstract

This article tries to define the political dimension in Pamudya ananta Toer drama Mangir. The study utilizes structural and pragmatic approach. Result of the study demonstrates that generally drama Mangir tells Mataram King’s leadership, Senapati, who has long been a dictator and the wise man, Tua Mangir, Wanabaya. The King of Mataram is authoritative, meanwhile Tua Mangir makes use of discussion and agreement. At the same time Tua Mangir gives his people freedom to convey ideas. People of Mangir hold their freedom to improve any potential and develop natural resources. On the other hand, in Mataram the privilege of developing natural resources falls on the hand of the King’s clan. The advantage of dissecting such problem from this drama is that people can learn about how to run a well authority, he has to be wise and perform fair, honest, and good order.

Key words: politics, state, authority